Conference Papers

Authors: Nidhi Rai Jain, Rajan Rawal
Abstract:

Final energy use for cooling in buildings has tripled between 1990 and 2016 to 2020 terawatt hours. Excluding China and Japan, India accounts for about 28% of

the Room Air Conditioner (RAC) market in Asia. RAC penetration is comparatively lower at 5% in India but raising with 12% CAGR growth. Use of RAC provides thermal comfort leading to better living standard, simultaneously use of energy and refrigerant to operate RAC impact environment. Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) is the most used method to quantify the energy efficiency of RAC. The importance of comprehensive environment impact, accounting direct and indirect emissions by RAC will help mitigate environmental challenges. This paper adopts a methodology using ISO 16358-1 combined with hourly temperature bin to calculate Indian SEER (ISEER). Cooling Seasonal Energy Consumption (CSEC) is developed as a metric accounting different climate represented by cities and comfort models. Total Equivalent Warming Impact (TEWI) was used to account direct (refrigerants) and indirect (energy consumption) emissions. The study accounts for 12 Indian cities having high GDP growth, four RAC selected out of 282 RAC surveyed for the study. In comparison of ISEER mentioned by BEE, the study observes 9-20% higher ISEER in New Delhi and 9-16% lower in Bangalore. CSEC and TEWI are observed to be highest in Ahmedabad and lowest in Bangalore with a maximum difference of 2,520 kWh/year and 20,640 CO2-eq respectively. For Delhi, CSEC was observed at 23% lower with adaptive comfort model for AC operation building then static comfort model. The contribution of direct emissions to TEWI was observed 10-20% with R410a and 4-8% with R32. 

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Presented at: ENERGISE 2020, at Hyderabad

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