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Thermo-Physical-Optical performance of building material and energy performance of building components play major role in achieving energy efficient building. CARBSE:CRDF has capabilities to characterize energy performance of building envelop material such as insulation products. CARBSE:CRDF also has competence to test glazing material and fenestration products. A State-of-art facilities is set up at CEPT campus working continuously with industry and research scholars to establish robust database of generic building materials. Combined with component and whole building simulation capabilities, CARBSE:CRDF offers unique platform to evaluate energy performance of insulating materials, glazing materials, fenestration products, roofing products and paints. Presently,CRDF has capabilities to characterize following parameters:

  1. Thermal Conductivity to derive R value and U Value
  2. Thermal diffusivity and Specific heat
  3. Air Leakage of Fenestration Products like Windows and Doors
  4. Transmittance, Absorptance, Emittance and Reflectance of glazing material
  5. Reflectivity of thermal mirrors.(Curved Surfaces)
  6. U-Factor and Solar Heat Gain Coefficients of fenestration products
  7. Post Occupancy Evaluation of Building for their environment and energy performance.
  8. Performance evaluation of various materials and products on the energy demand of building.
  9. Performance of room Air Conditioners (Split & Window)
EquipmentMaterialType of TestRangeStandardsSample Size in mm
Heat flow meterInsulationThermal Conductivity0.01 to W/m.K to 0.2 W/m.KASTM C-518600 x 600
Thermal ConstantsBuilding MaterialsThermal Conductivity0.005 to 500 W/mkMeets ISO standard (ISO/DIS 22007-2.2)100x100x50
Diffusivity0.1 to 100 mm2/s
Specific HeatUp to 5MJ/m3K
Spectrophotometer (With angular measurement facility)GlazingOptical
Properties
UV / VIS and NIRISO 9050/EN 410/ ASTM E 903100x100 (Max. thick. 16)60x60 (Max. thick. 16)
FTIR using SetGlazingEmissivityIR (Approx. 1300 nm – 44000 nm)EN 673100x10060 x 60
Air Leakage ChamberFenestrationAir Leakage
Rate
-NFRC 400, ASTM E 283Windows : 1200 x 1500, Curtain Walls: 2000 x 2000
Solar CaloriemeterFenestrationSHGC-NFRC 2011500 x 1500
Guarded Hot BoxWall / WindowU Value0.1 to 5 W/m2kASTM C 13631000 x 1000 x upto 300
Single Patch Sky Simulator (SPSS)Scaled architectural ModelsDaylighting5 to 100000 lux-1200 x 1200 x upto 450
Mirror boxScaled architectural ModelsDaylighting0.001 to 1 daylight
factor
-2000 x 2000 x upto 600
Environmental ChamberBuilding MaterialsSorption
Isotherm
Temperature range
of +15.6°C
to +37.8°C and a
humidity
range of 40%
to 98%
RH as limited
by a +4.5° C
dew point
temperature.
ASTM C1498having mass more
than 10g
Pressure PlatesBuilding MaterialsMoisture retention
Curve
Humidity ≈ 95 to
100% RH
ASTM C1699five pieces of approx 15cm2 having thickness as minimal as possible ≈ 5mm
Vapometer Cups and Environmental ChamberPaper, Plastic films or sheet materialsWater Vapor
Transmission
Temperature
range of +15.6°C
to +37.8°C and
a humidity
range of 40%
to 98% RH
as limited
by a +4.5° C
dew point
temperature.
ASTM E96/E96MThickness should be
less than 5mm
Diameter in
Between 65 mm to 75mm
Water Bathmasonry materials, plaster and insulating materialWater Absorption
Coefficient
-ASTM C1794Area of specimen
must be greater
than 50cm2 100mmX100mm Preferable
Thickness should
be more than 5mm
The Low Energy Cooling Test Bed (LECTB)Room Air Conditioners (Spilt & Window)
  • Cooling Capacity
    Rating,
  • Indian Seasonal
    Energy Efficiency
    Ratio (ISEER) /
    Energy Efficiency
    Ratio (EER)
  • Power
    Consumption
  • Cooling Capacity
    Rating - 1000W
    to 7500W
  • Indian Seasonal
    Energy Efficiency
    Ratio (ISEER)
    / Energy Efficiency
    Ratio (EER) - 0.5
    to 6 ISEER/EER
  • Power Consumption
    - 25W to 3500W
IS 1391: Part 1 & IS 1391: Part 2Split and Window
Room Air
Conditioner
up to 2-ton
cooling capacity

CARBSE:CRDF facilitates government initiatives towards implementation of GRIHA and ECBC by providing an unbiased testing facility to all the stakeholders such as architects-designers, builders-developers and material processors and manufacturers.

For further information about Facilities/Capabilities - Phone : +91 79 6831 0000, Ext : 383, Email : ashajoshi@cept.ac.in

Low Energy Cooling Test Bed (LECTB)
Single Patch Sky Simulator
The Low Energy Cooling Test Bed (LECTB) is used for testing energy performance of low energy cooling system for their energy and thermal comfort performance under varied and dynamic outdoor and indoor conditions. The facility is one of its kind in the world and is technology agnostic, allowing it to test diverse and new technologies, unlike other facilities. in India. 
Single Patch Sky Simulator
Single Patch Sky Simulator

CARBSE’s Single Patch Sky Simulator system consists of a turntable, mirror and Fresnel lamp. By emulating one sky patch out of the total 145 virtual divisions with equal area of the sky dome, as per Tregenza’s model, a building model placed on the turntable can be rotated so that the lamp is directed from each of the sky dome’s 145 divisions, and illuminance levels can taken. These measurements are then aggregated so that they accurately reflect the daylight performance of the space under the whole sky dome. The advantage of this is that because the measurements are taken according to 145 patches, once measured physically only once, the effective sky can be altered to simulate any sky condition simply by adjusting the weightage of individual patches, and calculating the effect on the building’s illuminance levels.

Guarded Hot Box
Single Patch Sky Simulator

A Guarded Hot Box is used to test the thermal performance of non-homogenous specimens, such as complex wall assemblies, cavity walls, ventilated shaded wall assembly or walls with phase change materials (PCM). It determines the amount of heat transfer through a given material or assembly of various materials. This is done by controlling the temperature on both sides of the material and minimizing the extraneous heat transfers other than those through the given material, which can be used to determine the thermal transmittance of a homogenous as well as non-homogenous specimen, and can test a specimen with a maximum thickness of 350mm. The metering chamber is cooled using chiller and the guard chamber is maintained at same temperature using an HVAC system. The climatic chamber is maintained at higher temperature using electric coils. Surface, water and air temperature sensors are placed for temperature control along with humidity (RH), pressure, and air velocity sensors placed at equal distances.

Solar Calorimeter
Single Patch Sky Simulator

The solar calorimeter measures the solar gain through fenestration products. This is the fundamental test by which the solar gains through the window assembly of any such components can be measured. It can also be used for the measurement of the solar efficiency of photo voltaic cells used in Solar PV panels. The solar calorimeter is an insulated enclosure designed to permit the continuous introduction and extraction of a measured flow of fluid mass and equipped with an empty aperture into which a fenestration system is inserted for characterization. The main components of this equipment include room side metering chamber, guard chamber, surround panel for installing test specimen, calibration panel, heliostat and enclosure.

Thermal Comfort Chamber
Single Patch Sky Simulator

The Thermal Comfort Chamber (TCC) is a chamber sized 6m x 5m x 3m, which can precisely simulate a wide range of indoor environmental conditions with temperatures ranging from 15°C to 40°C and relative humidity from 16% to 95%, along with changing air distribution patterns and speed. This particular capability is useful for Indian studies because it allows researchers to measure the impact of air velocity, a necessary criteria in a context dependent on the use of fans for cooling. These conditions are maintained and monitored by sophisticated air conditioning systems and control devices. The purpose of the TCC is to conduct experiments to evaluate the impact of various indoor environmental conditions on occupant comfort, productivity, and wellbeing. People participating in the research would sit on four workstations in the TCC and experience thermal conditions set by the research team.

Hygrothermal Characterization Facilities
Single Patch Sky Simulator

CARBSE employs hygrothermal test facilities, which employ three types of test for material characterization. The first determines the sorption isotherm, the second derives water vapor transmission, and the third quantifies water uplift characteristics due to capillary action. The material properties derived from these tests help in calculating the water content of building materials subjected to various temperatures, pressure and RH conditions. Such characterization aids the understanding of moisture migration occurring in opaque building assemblies, which impacts structural stability, indoor air quality and energy demand for the maintenance of desired indoor conditions.

Lasercomp Fox 600 and NeslabTF900 Chiller
Single Patch Sky Simulator

The lasercomp fox 600 is used to test the Thermal Conductivity and characterization of materials. The Thermal Conductivity of a specimen is determined by measuring the Heat Flux, specimen thickness, and temperature difference across the specimen. This microprocessor based instrument carry out tests according to ASTM C 518 and ISO 8301. Materials like PU Foam, Insulating Material from Industry, Thermocol, Formular, Expanded and Extruded Polystyrene, glass wool sandwiched between two plywood sheets, Styrofoam, etc. can be characterized. Specimen size 600mm x 600 mm and of thicknesses upto 200 mm are characterized for the thermal conductivity range from 0.01 to W/m.K to 0.2 W/m.K.

Spectrophotometer
Single Patch Sky Simulator

Spectrophotometer is a photometer (a device measuring light intensity) that can measure intensity as a function of colour (or more specifically the wavelength) of light. Spectrophotometer provides the facility for characterization of optical properties of glazing materials, architectural materials and systems of relevant to energy transfer in flat specular glazing materials. The glazing may be monolithic, coated, with applied film, laminated, etc. The Solar Absorbtence, Reflectance and Transmittance of material are determined using Spectrophotometer and Integrating Spheres. The tests are performed in accordance with EN 410 and ISO 9050. Specimen size 100mm x 100 mm and of thicknesses is compensated are tested for the optical properties.

Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectrometer (FTIR)
Single Patch Sky Simulator

The emissivity of glazing and architectural materials is measured in Infra Red (IR) range (Approx. 1300 nm – 44000 nm) by Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectrometer (FTIR). Fourier transform spectroscopy is a measurement technique whereby spectra are collected based on measurements of the coherence of a radiative source, using time domain or space domain measurements of the electromagnetic radiation or other type of radiation. It can be applied to a variety of types of spectroscopy (FTIR, FT-NIRS). The tests are performed in accordance with EN 673.Specimen size more than 60mm x 60mm of thicknesses is compensated are tested for emissivity.

Air Leakage Chamber
Single Patch Sky Simulator

Air Leakage Chamber is used to determine the air-leakage rates of windows, doors and curtain walls. NFRC 400 document based on ASTM E 283 determines the testing procedure. Air leakage chamber is not of the shelf-ready to use equipment- it needs to be constructed according to the use. The Air leakage chamber will help in evaluating the relative performance of various fenestration products. ASTM E 283 is a laboratory test method that has been used for many to measure air leakage rated under controlled conditions. Air leakage chamber will help to evaluate present construction practices as well as new improved construction practices.

Stand Alone Data Loggers
Single Patch Sky Simulator

Data loggers are useful equipments to monitor environmental conditions inside and outside buildings. It can log data for long time (up to 3 years) at regular defined intervals for temperature, humidity, luminance and also if needed can measure CO/CO2 with additional probe. The data loggers measures the temperature range from -20° C to 70°C, Relative humidity of 5% to 95%, and light intensity from 1 to 4500 foot candles.

Indoor Air Quality Handheld Meters
Single Patch Sky Simulator Indoor air quality meters can help in conducting Post Occupancy Evaluation studies as well as help in determining user perceive thermal comfort standards. These handheld meters are capable of logging as well as taking instantaneous measurements for environmental parameters
IAQ meter for Instantaneous measurements
Single Patch Sky Simulator Indoor air quality meters can help in conducting Post Occupancy Evaluation studies as well as help in determining user perceive thermal comfort standards. These handheld meters are capable of logging as well as taking instantaneous measurements for environmental parameters
Surface Temperature Measurements RTD-PT100
Single Patch Sky Simulator

Basic function of the RTD sensor is to measure surface temperature. By using these RTD sensors the thermal performance of materials and thermal lag of building can be studied and understood. Experimental set up to find out the U-Value of material, assemblies and components.

SLR luminance measurements
Single Patch Sky Simulator

A light meter is used to measure the amount of light. It helps in conducting Post Occupancy Evaluation studies. This instrument help in color correction functions – luminance ratio and peak luminance measurements.

Weather Station
Single Patch Sky Simulator

The micro weather station with a four-sensor data logger helps in multi channel monitoring of microclimates in one or more locations and it uses a network of smart sensors for taking measurements. Key features of the smart sensors are Automatic detection, Easy expansion, Digital network, Weatherproof. The micro sensors also helps in optimizing Lifecycle Energy Performance of commercial and residential Building (which measures temperature, RH, Rain, wind speed and direction, soil moisture, solar radiation and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR).

Universal light monitor
Single Patch Sky Simulator

Light meter is used for conducting Post Occupancy Evaluation studies, daylight penetration studies and need for electric light and related energy usage in conditioned environments. These are the handheld meters capable of logging as well as taking instantaneous measurements for lux level.

Explanation:

Worldwide it is very well established that the thermal performance of a product like paint or coating can be obtained with the measurement of Solar Reflectance Index (SRI). There is no need to measure the thermal transmittance (U-factor) for these products.

Solar Reflectance Index (SRI)

The steady-state surface temperature (Ts) under the sun (the temperature of the surface, in K, under the standard solar and ambient conditions) is strongly correlated to solar reflectivity and thermal emissivity of the surface Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) measures the relative Ts of a surface with respect to the standard white (SRI = 100) and standard black (SRI =0) under the standard solar and ambient conditions. Where, Standard solar and ambient conditions— for the purpose of this calculation, is defined as a solar flux of 1000 W•m–2, ambient air temperature of 310 Kelvin (K), and sky temperature of 300 K. Three convective coefficient of 5, 12, 30 W•m–2•K–1, correspond to low- (0 to 2 ms–1), medium- (2 to 6 ms–1), and high-wind (6 to 10 ms 1) conditions, respectively. Standard (Reference) black surface temperature (Tb)—is the steady-state temperature of a black surface with solar reflectance of 0.05 and thermal emissivity of 0.9, under the standard solar and ambient conditions. (SRI =0) Standard (Reference) white surface temperature (Tw)—is the steady-state temperature of a white surface with solar reflectance of 0.80 and thermal emissivity of 0.9, under the standard solar and ambient conditions. (SRI = 100)

Thermal transmittance

Thermal transmittance, (sometimes called the overall coefficient of heat transfer or air-to-air U-factor): the heat transfer in unit time through unit area of a test specimen and its boundary air films, induced by unit temperature difference between the environments on each side. The U-factor is the inverse of the overall R-value.


Accuracy and Precision of Data

  1. Devices are scientifically validated with leading global scientific agencies, to offer data precision suitable for small to large-scale industrial, scientific or academic use.
  2. These affordable monitors feature high quality laser-scattering sensors, calibrated for Indian conditions against the most advanced systems for measuring ambient air quality.

Real-time Data & Dashboard

  • The data from the devices is transmitted to a cloud server every minute , and is made available via a map-based dashboard.
  • Real-time data is easily downloadable from the dashboard in a CSV/JSON/XML file, as well as available for integration in a mobile app or Website using APIs that we will provide.
  • An individual dashboard can be provided to each customer with their personal credentials and other features, on request.
  • Data is also stored internally on a MicroSD card. Users can download data locally from the SD card too.


Battery Backup & Offline Data Storage

  • The device's battery lasts upto 8 hours the device an be plugged to electrical connection also.
  • Devices can store data dating back to a year, without internet and with electric connectivity. This data is restorable, uploaded back to the server once internet connectivity resumes.


Easy to Install

  • Team can assist with last mile installation /field deployments on request.
  • Weather-proof solutions available on request.


Device Accessories

  • 5V 2A Adapter with its charging cable X 1
  • Mounting wall clamper X 2
  • Cable Zip Tie X 2


Dimensions

  • 160x80x56 mm
  • 400 gms.


Warranty & Support

  • The device is covered up to one year for any manufacturing defects
  • Free email support for the first year, with the option to subscribe to additional customer support options.
  • Contact us for further details on T&Cs


Sensors

Parameter
RangeResolutionAccuracy
PM1 / PM2.5 / PM100 - 1000 µg/m31 µg/m3~ 0.8 R2
~ MAPE 15%
CO20 - 10,000 ppm1 ppm±(30ppm + 3% of reading)
CO0 - 1000 ppm1 ppm 
Ozone10 - 1000 ppb  
HCHO (Formaldehyde)0 - 1 ppm1 ppbGreater of ± 30 ppb and ±10% of reading
TVOC0 - 10 ppm10 ppbGreater of ± 30 ppb and ±10% of reading
Globe Temp0 - 100 deg C1 deg C 
Anemometer0 - 10 m/s0.1 m/s± 0.5 m/s
Ambient Pressure300 - 1100 hPa1 hPa 
Ambient Temp-10 to 45 deg C1 deg C± 1.0 deg C
Ambient RH0 to 100% RH1%± 3% RH

The team will provide additional services to develop a customised dashboard that can help to infer the field data for meaningful interventions. The analytics services also will provide insights into the indoor air quality and indoor environmental quality (thermal comfort) by mapping them against the recommended conditions by international organizations such as CIBSE, REHVA and ASHRAE.

MAPIE-Atmos Realtime Data API access

he atmos air quality data is accessible via a cloud based realtime API which provides the data in json/xml/csv formats. The format of the atmos API is as follows:

http://api.urbansciences.in/atmos-scai/mobilepm/imei/000000003107245/start/201909290000/end/201909300000/type/json/ts/hh/avg/0/ApiKey/iiitdelqygNjN

The input parameters to the API are:
/atmos-scai/mobilepm/imei//start//end//type//ts//avg/<0,1-24>

The start and end time formats are yyyymmddhhmm
ts (time-slice): mm=minutes; hh=hours; dd=days // time-slice to be used for avg
avg:
if value is 0 = then it is raw data
if value is 1,2,3,.. = avg period for time-unit given in above time-slice

The output data of the API are:
{"list":[{"pm1cnc":18.0,"pm1cnt":102.0,"pm25cnc":23.0,"pm25cnt":12.0,"pm10cnc":25.0,"pm10cnt":
2.0,"pm03cnt":2487.0,"pm05cnt":805.0,"pm5cnt":3.0,"no2op1":0.0,"no2op2":0.0,"o3op1":
0.0,"o3op2":0.0,"temp":27.0,"humd":35.0,"pres":980.0,"lat":28.4500686301341,"lon":
77.2840768294724,"imei":"000000001698051","timeStamp":"2019-09-30T16:00:03.000+05:30","time":1569839403000},{"pm1cnc":19.0,"pm1cnt":90.0,"pm25cnc": 23.0,"pm25cnt":10.0,"pm10cnc":24.0,"pm10cnt":0.0,"pm03cnt":2541.0,"pm05cnt":
825.0,"pm5cnt":1.0,"no2op1":0.0,"no2op2":0.0,"o3op1":0.0,"o3op2":0.0,"temp":27.0,"humd":
35.0,"pres":980.0,"lat":28.4500686301341,"lon":77.2840768294724,"imei":"000000001698051",
"timeStamp":"2019-09-30T16:00:08.000+05:30","time":1569839408000}, 

Click to download brochure : MAPIE Atmos: Indoor Thermal Comfort and Air Quality Measurement Kit

Supported by:

Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Govt. of India, Gujarat Energy Development Agency, U.S. Agency for International Development iNDEXTb (Industrial Extension Bureau) Govt. of Gujarat, Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation, New Delhi